One of the challenges in the assessment of children with phonological disorders is the collection of a valid and reliable speech sample. Whichever framework is used, the sample can bias the analysis, sometimes in a way that fails to elucidate key phonological patterns. This article discusses sampling in terms of a current framework, nonlinear phonological analysis. It provides an overview of the theory and relevant sampling criteria and gives suggestions for elicitation. Nonlinear analyses examine multiple aspects or levels of a child’s phonological system, providing a comprehensive basis for identifying strengths and needs. Whether or not nonlinear analyses are used, the principles and suggestions included provide general guidance for adequate sample elicitation.